02
Es
Earth and Space Science · NGSS 4-ESS1-1

Rocks and Minerals

Earth and Space Science Grade 3-5 NGSS 4-ESS1-1

Learning objective

Students classify igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks and identify common rock-forming minerals.

Specific learning objectives

  • Define mineral and rock.
  • Sort samples into the three rock types.
  • Explain how each rock type forms.
  • Identify properties used to identify a mineral.

Big ideas in this unit

  • Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools.
  • Sedimentary rocks form from compacted layers of sediment.
  • Heat and pressure transform rocks into metamorphic rocks.

Below you will find eight printable worksheets on Rocks and Minerals. Each printable opens on its own page with directions, ten student questions, and a one-click reveal teacher answer key.

All Rocks and Minerals printables

8 formats

How to teach Rocks and Minerals

Most teachers introduce Rocks and Minerals with a short demonstration or a picture-book read-aloud, then move into vocabulary work so students share a common language for the rest of the unit. The Vocabulary Match and Diagram Labeling printables on this page are designed for that opening day. From there, the Reading Passage and Short Answer printables give students a chance to think with their pencils — drawing, writing, and explaining what they noticed.

By the middle of the unit, students are ready for the Investigation Lab sheet. It scaffolds a hands-on activity using simple classroom materials and includes a structured place to record observations. Wrap the unit with the Quick Quiz, which mirrors the language and diagrams students have already practiced, so the assessment feels familiar rather than punishing.

Each printable is independent — pick what works for your class today rather than feeling boxed into a sequence.